Mother Nawalparasi In Picture

Day starts with golden Sun

Life here in village  

Temples

 Tribeni Dham 

 Moula Kalika 

 Daunne Devi

 Ram Gram Stupa Of Lord Buddha and more .

 Farms & Local Life 

The Tharu: Indigenous People of South Tarai of Nawalparasi

The Tharu is one of the ethnic groups of Nepal found through out Terai region from east to west. They have been living mainly in Dang, Chitwan and Nawalparasi districts including Banke, Bardiya, Dang, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Morang, Saptari and Jhapa. They have their own dialect. They are divided into various clan groups. They have deep affiliation with forest and river. They love fishing. Each Tharu village has a deity known as Bhuinyar. Holi and Maghi are the major festivals. Agriculture is the main occupation for them. They are working as a bondage labour in western part of Nepal.

The Tharu people, an indigenous ethnic group living in the lowlands of western Nepal, have a unique culture, language, and tradition. They also carry the burdensome heritage of indentured servitude.

With a population of 1.19 million (6.5 per cent of the national poplation), the Tharu are one of the country's largest ethnic groups.

They are indigenous to the Terai region where the vast majority is still spread across 22 districts from east to west. They are particularly numerous in the West and Far-Western Districts of Kanchanpur, Kailali, Bardiya, Banke, and Dang.

Government statistics indicate that 79 per cent of Tharu above the age of six have never gone to school.
The Tharu were feared by outsiders and the land they inhabited was infested with malaria, to which the Tharu have a natural immunity. They were consequently left to develop in comparative isolation for many centuries. It is only in t recent historical period that they have come into direct contact with neighboring civilizations.

Agricultural bonded labour:

Nepal is the second poorest country in the world, the land of Mount Everest, and the birth place of Lord Buddha. It is also famous for its natural beauty, its resources and its unique tradition and culture. Behind Nepalese culture there lie a number of traditions hidden from the outer world. One of them is forms of slavery. These include child labour in the formal and informal sector, child domestic work, and the trafficking of girls into prostitution in India. In agriculture, the Kamaiya and Haliyasystems are living examples of contemporary slavery in Nepal. About 57,000 bonded child laborers between age group 5-18 in Agricultural Sector in Nepal.

Since the arrival of democracy in 1990 many national and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and trade unions have become aware of the extent to which these forms of slavery pervade Nepalese life. Anti-Slavery and its partner organizations have produced evidence of these before this Working

Water for 300 people

INF has helped to supply water to 300 people in the Nawalparasi District of Nepal's southern Terai plains.

A Christian local partner organisation called Asal Chhimekee ['Good Neighbour'] discovered that a high-priority need for local people was drinking water, as surface water in the Terai is often poisoned by naturally occurring arsenic.

With funding from INF Nepal, Asal Chhimekee helped a local church to install three water supply systems in different locations, benefiting 23 households. 'The water supply systems are available close to people's houses,' says Dhanmaya Gurung of Asal Chhimekee. 'This saves people a lot of time, before the new systems were installed local people had to carry water to their homes from sources a long way away. The whole community is very grateful.'

The photo shows Asal Chhimekee's Nandaram Pariyar with a local community member at one of the new water pumps in Leda village in Nawalparasi. This pump serves five households, benefiting almost 40 people.

Nepal raises vulture awareness with a diclofenac destruction event

A diclofenac destruction programme was undertaken at the Vulture Safe Zone in Nawalparasi District of Nepal on 31st March 2010, that was organised by Bird Conservation Nepal (BirdLife Partner) and Jatayu safe zone management committee. The main objective of the programme was to destroy diclofenac and promote the use of the safe alternative drug meloxicam.

Diclofenac was collected during 2005 and 2006 from different parts of Nepal with support of Royal Society for Protection of Birds (RSPB) and the UK Government’s Darwin Initiative. A total of over 1,500 vials of of injectable diclofenac and 13,000 bolus/tablets were destroyed in a traditional Nepalese “chulo” or cooking stove. The destruction process followed the recommendations of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and will have minimal impact on environment.

The program was marked by the presence of high profile dignitaries representing various veterinary and conservation groups in Nepal, including Chief guest Radha Raman Prasad Nepal’s Chief Drug Administrator; Department of Drug Administration, Dr. Narayan Prasad Ghimire; Registar Nepal Veterinary Council, Vice President of Nepal Veterinary Association, Senior Veterinary Officer Directorate of Animal Health Dr. Poormina Manandhar Chief of Veterinary Standard and Drug Administration Office, Dr. Narayan Basel Senior Veterinary Officer Department of Livestock Services Dr. Surendra Karki, Central member of Nepal Veterinary Association Dr. Narendra man Babu Pradhan Chief Conservation Officer Chitwan National Park Purna bahadur Budha member secretary of Nepal Paraveterinary and Livestock Association, Dr. Hum Gurung Chief Executive Officer of BCN. The overall program was run by Tila Devi Bhusal. Other attendees includes a large number of influential people from diverse fields including conservationists, government agencies, veterinary doctors, media persons and local groups. The program was marked with great enthusiasm from all the people and received wide media coverage in Nepal. A solo photo exhibition on vultures was also shown by Krishna Mani Baral was also conducted.

Rural Youth Development Program (RDP)

Partnership Organization : AWO International, Germany


Program Period : January 2008 to December 2010

Program Area : Four hilly VDCs of Nawalparasi District

• Gaindakot
• Ratanpur
• Danadajheri
• Kotthar

This program has been launched in order to reduce youth migration in the hilly area of Nawalparasi district. It is designed to empower the rural youth by organizing them in groups, cooperatives and CBOs (Community Based Organization), thus improving their livelihoods via income generation and skill transformation. We believe that in this way, the rate of seasonable national and cross boarder youth migration (mainly to India) can be diminished. Furthermore, a strengthening of education and the access to infrastructure facilities as well as the mobilization of local resources are essential.


The poor education opportunities have been a key reason for youth migration. One problem is the unavailability of basic schooling facilities which makes it hard to receive high quality education. Another challenge is the low level of parents' awareness as regards the importance of education which again results in a lack of motivation for schooling. Consequently, the school related activities of RDP include PTS (parents, teachers, students) awareness classes, recreational activities as well as support regarding educational materials, scholarships etc. In this way, RDP can contribute to the control of school dropouts and raises furthermore, the importance of education in the parents' minds.


Unemployment is yet another key reason for migration from the working area where each year members of more than 75 households leave their villages in order to gain money. Therefore, the RDP project also focuses on creating income generation opportunities, especially by self-employment. We launch different kinds of trainings, enhancing the participants' capacity as regards management, leadership and advocacy. Additionally, local people take part in special skill development seminars e.g. for the creation of improved cooking stoves and water irrigation systems. In general, RDP promotes the idea of cooperatives and supports local CBOs in their constitutional development.

Last but not least, the hilly area lacks basic infrastructure facilities such as transport, communication, electricity, irrigation systems and health services. This represents an even greater problem given that once (young) people have seen the services provided in more developed areas, they realize the absence of those in their villages. In many cases that has led to ultimate migration. Thus, RDP also works for appropriate infrastructure development, concentrating on health, sanitation and hygiene. 

Animal welfare campaigners call for repatriation of dancing bear

Kathmandu – March 25, 2010 - Roots and Shoots Nepal and Animal Welfare Network Nepal (AWNN) call for the repatriation of Rubina, a rescued dancing bear, back to India. According to the campaigners Nepal at the moment cannot offer the specialized care rescued dancing bears need while India has four bear rehabilitation sanctuaries.

“Cites rules that confiscated animals that are the victim of illegal trade must be returned to their country of origin,” says CITES expert Ravi Aryal. Roots and Shoots Nepal and AWNN argue that Nepal should opt for cross-border cooperation and return rescued dancing bears to India. “India features some of the best Bear Rehabilitation Centers in the world, stretching 160 acres with all the facilities and habitat settings the rescued animals need,” argues Manoj Gautam, representative of Roots and Shoots.

According to the rescue team members Mr. Navin Dahal and Pawan Thapa, rescued dancing bears need specialized care as they normally suffer from malnutrition, dehydration, damaged feet, gastro-intestinal disorders and worm infestations. “Nepalat present cannot offer such care,” according to Thapa.

Wildlife SOS, an Indian organization active in wildlife rehabilitation, has expressed a willingness to rehabilitate the bear.

While in India dancing bears have virtually become a thing of the past, with over four hundred sloth bears being rehabilitated. In Nepal however, due to the weak implementation of CITES and wildlife provisions, around ten such bears are still active. The sloth bears are captured as cubs by Kalandars or Natyas, gypsies whose livelihood traditionally depends on bear dancing and juggling.

Sloth bear cubs are snatched by poachers when they are just weeks old and witness the killing of their mothers. The majority die from trauma, dehydration, starvation or all three. Those who survive are subjected to brutal training methods which include piercing their muzzles and threading it with a coarse rope; standing them on hot coals and hitting their feet with sticks to make them "dance". Before they reach a year old, their teeth are knocked out with a hammer -- with no anesthesia.

Sloth bears are classified as ‘vulnerable’ by IUCN and all international trade in them is prohibited. As they are poached widely for their gall bladders, believed to have medicinal qualities, the sloth bear population is expected to decline by more than 10 percent in the next ten years.

On 16^th March, 2010 Roots & Shoots Nepal with the support of Wildlife SOS India rescued Rubina, a female adult sloth bear at Arunkhola, Nawalparasi. While her owners were arrested, the bear was handed over to Warden of Chitwan National Park. Rubina is kept at the National Park office until her fate is decided upon.

The facility where Rubina is currently being held is substandard. The bear enclosure at the only alternative location, the Kathmandu Zoo, fails any international standard. As a result, three out of four zoo bears have died in the near past. “If Rubina is not repatriated to India we fear for her life,” says Gautam.

Earlier this month the Nepalese and Indian Ministries meet to design a functional cross-boundary mechanism to curb wildlife trade.  Roots & Shoots and AWNN believe that the repatriation of animals such as Rubina will be a good start to show how cross-border cooperation can save animal lives and curb the poaching of protected wildlife in the region.

Organic Farming In Nepal ( Nawalparasi )

This is a brief article to give a picture to our readers and partner about IM Nepal’s action in agriculture to combat the practice of hectic use of chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer in the field. The project started from January 2009 but has had made an impressive impact in the community.

"Initiatives of organic vegetable production in Tharu ethnic community through Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach in Nawalparasi, Nepal"

By: Yubak  Dhoj G. C., PhD IPM consultant for SOIR-IM, Nepalyubakgc@yahoo.com

In recent years, the plant protection scenario in most parts of the developed and developing countries have undergone dramatic changes. The emphasis of the production of most of the agricultural crops has shifted from the hitherto dominant chemical pesticides to organic production by using natural resources and indigenous knowledge of the farming communities.

The protection of crops by combating the negative effects of pests on crop production is of major importance for food security especially in a developing country like Nepal. This is particularly true in these days where increased productivity is needed in order to achieve adequate food supply. The aim of organic production, however, is not to ensure maximum production, but optimum production in an economic and sustainable means with the full consideration for healthy environment.

In case of Nepal, the chemical pesticides form an important means to control pests since long time. Despite the widespread use of pesticides, pest damage causes significant yield loss in most agricultural systems and it is still evident in case of commercialised vegetable commodities produced in the areas where market facilities exist.

The world-wide pre-harvest crop losses caused by pests are estimated by FAO to be the order of 30-35%, and this figure is nearly within the same ranges in case of Nepal and sometimes in epidemics it reaches higher than that. With the rapid growth of pesticide resistance in insects, pathogens and weeds, these losses are likely to increase. Non-target effects to the human beings through the means of pollution in air, water, contaminated foods etc are also been realised. In Nepal, it is still very alarming as most of the producers are illiterate and likely effects of the pesticides are very high.

There are several records and instances that, misuse, overuse and abuse of these chemical compounds are very common in Nepal which however, varies from community to community. To combat this trend it is essential to design programmes of pest management that depend on the intelligent integration of various control measures and not on chemical control alone.

The increased awareness of the environment and the need to implement sustainable agriculture production methods, and the occurrence of accidents with pesticides support this strive against the injudicious use of pesticides.

In order to implement these new programmes in Nepal, there should be initiation taken by some organisations. At the same time, there should be conceptual clarity among the technicians, pesticide handlers and farmers because they have lot of hangover of the pesticide oriented pest control method. In developed economy, a range of techniques are promoted by the Government and non-governmental organisations, which has been used by the farmers with great faith.

The techniques include the use of various cultural practices such as crop rotation, multiple cropping, timing of planting, further habitat management that enhances natural enemy populations, biological control agents, direct trapping of insects, and use of thresholds and finally the careful and timed use of pesticides. At the same time basket of ethno-science are common among the Nepalese farmers, which however, can not be seen as well fusing with improved agricultural practices. Many botanical plants are thought useful for pest management.

The whole concept, utilising all possible pest control measures in an ecologically sound and for the farmer economically viable programme, is called an integrated pest management (IPM).

Integrated pest management (IPM)

IPM is an interdisciplinary approach to reducing crop losses through the use, by farmers, or optimum mixes of pest control techniques. It combines the aims of agricultural productivity, environmental sustainability and cost effectiveness. It has arisen out of the need to avoid the problems of pest resistance build-up (leading to pest resurgence), secondary pest outbreaks, human health problems, the high cost of pesticide control and environmental degradation caused by excessive and inappropriate chemical pesticide use.

The approach has become closely associated with enabling farmers to make crop protection decisions in full awareness of factors operating in their agro- ecosystems.

With its emphasis on making the best use of local and human resources, IPM encourages, wherever appropriate, the use of natural control mechanisms (for instance pest predators) and "traditional" pest management techniques used by farmers.

However, the adoption of practical alternatives to chemical methods of control may be difficult to apply on farms than simple chemical control techniques. It is still difficult in case of Nepal as the country has no chemical pesticides manufacturing industries in one side and purchasing of such compounds from abroad needs lot of resources in another side.

An understanding of not only the biology and ecology of the injury causing agents (pest insects, pathogens and vertebrate pests) is required, but also of all the possible effects of the various control measures on the particular farming system of the farmers’ technical solutions, the lack of resources, or socio-economic and other factors should also be considered. IPM considers how a farmer would determine when to use each type of method.

IPM is a pest control system that incorporates a variety of techniques to promote the best socioeconomic and environmental conditions. For the effective adoption of the IPM, clearly understanding of the concepts, approach, tools and practices on the technicians, pesticide handlers, farmers and various extension methodologies is mandatory.

At the same time, every components of IPM such as biological monitoring, environmental monitoring, action and economic thresholds, choice of control methods should equally be considered, which may lead organic production of the agricultural crops. Adoption of IPM tools and components while producing organic vegetable is largely critical in case of Nepal.

In the present day pest management, there is a big philosophical jump between the pest control and pest management thoughts. IPM in recent days is viewed in relation to human behavior and actions rather than pest killing or eradication motives. It means IPM gives more emphasis to the holistic approach of pest management based on certain principles of pest management whereas; traditional methods were basically oriented with the uses of chemical pesticides. Still there is lack of knowledge among the crop protection technicians involved in Governmental and non-governmental organizations about the recent approach of IPM practices, know how of the IPM tools, their application etc.

Therefore, any initiatives through the modules of demonstration aim to anchor the knowledge gaps about the recent approach of IPM principals and practices with that of pesticide orientated pest control in Nepal. In order to raise the awareness on organic production among the producers and technicians it is important to initiate activities like organic village. It is largely envisaged these kinds of activities might be one of the cornerstones towards organic agriculture in Nepal.

Why organic production was attempted?

The organic village intends to broaden the participants view on plant protection and its role on organic production in their own work areas and situation by enhancing and strengthening the knowledge and skills of the farmer. They will be enabling to grow vegetables basically in off-season without using deadly poisonous chemical pesticides. In order to achieve these goals, the organic approach will be initiated in three different tiers, to the producers, technicians and the consumers.  

Following are some of the specific objectives of these initiatives;

• Enable farming communities about husbandry practices of agriculture
• Create mass awareness about the hazards of chemical pesticides so as to arouse their interest into organic production
• Enable farmers into organic pest management (OPM) approach as an alternatives to the chemical pesticides  
• Establish model farm by integrating all the components of organic vegetable production
• Organize OPM training suitable for different level of farmers with especial emphasis of women and socially deprived and marginalized ethnic community
• Enable farmers for using eco-friendly pest management practices and tools for organic production
• Establish OPM farm as resource centre for communicating and disseminating technologies appropriate for semi commercial and semi commercial farmers of Nepal
• Up-scale the modality of organic farming into wider agro-ecological zones
• 
  
• 
  
• What has been done so far?

The demonstration site for the project has been chosen Pithauli Village Development Committee (VDC) ward number 2 of Nawalparasi district. After taking base line information of the site, farmer group was formed.  The major ethnic group of this site is socially, economically marginalized deprived Tharu ethnic people. Their source of livelihood is basically agriculture and very laborious by their ethnic occupation. 

Geographically, the site is located into flat land area, having access of road and partial irrigation. At the same time, the selected area is located in the vicinity of tourist hotels and business area indicating the ample scope of trading their produce. Traditional system of growing agricultural crop is widespread in the site as the majorities of the growers are illiterate and have low exposure on the modern agricultural system.

As a result, use of traditional varieties and cultivation practice is very common. At the same time, indiscriminate use of chemical pesticide is very common and the likely effects are very alarming. Short term and long term hazards are reported occasionally and accidentally by different organizations, however, farmer have almost low or no perception about these effects. The major reasons are due to lack of knowledge about the safe use of chemical pesticides.

There is greater misconception among the majority of the farmers as they think chemical pesticides are "medicine" not as a "poison". Because of this reason the likely misuses and abuse are very high. At the same time, the farmers are largely ignorant about proper choice and method of application of chemical pesticides. However, at the same time, there are ample scope of enhancing their knowledge and making organic agriculture as profitable enterprises in the site.

Looking into this prospect, SOIR-IM, Nepal has initiated a model organic farm in Nepal from the very grass roots level. Probably, this will be an interesting initiative in the country with regard to ethnic base of the people but having very strong affection in the agricultural occupation. The site is not far from the road head passing from east west high way, which will allow them to sell their produce into tourist hotels and restaurants. 

At present, the model organic farm coverage is half a hector at the moment, and first batch of organic production of some of the seasonal and off-season vegetables are initiated. In the first batch cucurbitaceous vegetables such as cucumber, sponge gourd, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, snake gourd, ladies finger etc were grown.

These crops were found profitable for growing particularly in this season, where they could sell these produce. Beside these vegetables, other crops were also been grown as minor vegetable crops. Other crops such as spring season maize, Dhaincha (Crotolaria juncea), etc were also grown. In the rainy season, organic rice production has also been planned.

Incidence of insect pests and disease was recorded to a considerable level; however, they were combated culturally and adopting with biorational approaches. The severity of fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) was reduced by male annihilation techniques attracting with Steiner trap. The cue lure was used in the trap where the population build up was minimized to a satisfactory level.

Beside, these lure and kill approach, the insect pests and disease were minimized by using botanic plant materials which are available in their locality. More emphasis were laid on cultural and biorational approach by integrating the traditional knowledge and folk lore of the Tharu ethnic people.

The plan for growing round year production and marketing of vegetables profusely with winter vegetables has been on-going. It has been targeting for producing Cole crops organically in the forth coming season. The farmers are well acquainted regularly through community level of training about the improved method of agriculture. The major emphasis of such training is to schooling them into improved organic production techniques, where the farmer brings their pertinent problem about production and protection. The expert delivers the skill on production aspect to the ranges of plant protection aspects.

Major emphasis is given identification of the insects, diseases and other biotic and abiotic problems. At every farmers field school (FFS), the community people were asked for collection, involved for identification and maintenance as insect and disease zoos. The major emphasis has been laid the principles of organic production method of agricultural crops and vegetables so the use and misuse of chemical pesticides will be reduced gradually.

Achievement so far

Considering the time span of the project, it is too early to assess the outputs in tangible term; however, there has been greater enthusiasm of the farmers about the initiation of SOIR-IM, Nepal. Until now, the project has been able to dig out the core problems of agricultural production, plant protection, and full exploitation of indigenous knowledge and techniques. The farmers know the suitable crop varieties into their locality along with their cultivation practices. At the same time, they knew the improved method of cultivation and suitable time by which they could produce and sale them as off-season. Their knowledge on the appropriate choice of the bio-rational approach for managing pests and disease has been increased. In their view, the chemical pesticides are major culprits for problems of human health, environment and soil. The acquisition of knowledge was possible through meeting, visits, field observation and participating them in the farmers' field school.  At the same time, the farmers are able to prepare botanical pesticide as "Liquid pesticide" using the plant materials which are available in their farm land. This along with other materials such as wood ash, kerosene, local plant materials etc has been found very encouraging in reducing the status of various insect pest and diseases. The farmers are very keen for future program too.

The major outputs can be seen in the improvement in the knowledge, skills and practices of the farmers. If these enthusiasms will be continued the hope for producing, trading and naming this village as organic seems possible in real sense. In future more focused program needs to be conducted which should have well link in the value chain and possibility of making agriculture as income generation enterprises.

Sidan redigerades : 2009-07-23 01:41

This artical is copied from http://www.manniskohjalp.se/sv/Om-IM/nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkivet/Report-Organic-Farming-in-Nepal-in-English/

Communities making kids healthy

Communities making kids healthy

Local programs cut malnutrition at a faster rate than national ones 

Dhaubadi village in Nawalparasi is so remote that many urban Nepalis don't even know it's just 280 km southwest of Kathmandu. But this community has proven that local development is possible without relying on the central government.

In seven years, village women here have managed to reduce child malnutrition from 38 to 16 percent, while nationally the rate of stunting, a sign of early chronic under-nutrition, has dropped only 16 percent in 26 years.

According to the government's Demographic and Health Survey, around 51 percent of children below five years of age are affected by stunting. Around 48 percent are underweight and 10 percent are wasted or too thin for their height, an indicator of acute malnutrition.

The main causes for these problems are low food intake, high rates of disease, poor child and maternal health care, inadequate access to sufficient basic health services and unsanitary conditions.

But nutrition experts in the government and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) are positive that child malnutrition can be reduced even in the poorest villages and among illiterate, socially and economically backward communities. "The village communities can be mobilised through education and awareness and empowered to take action to improve the situation by assessing the reasons and causes," said Pragya Mathema, UNICEF's nutrition officer.

On this premise, in 1999 the Ministry of Local Development with support from UNICEF started its Decentralised Action for Children and Women (DACAW) program, which is being implemented in 15 districts around the country and has helped cut malnutrition rates from 40 to 17 percent in those districts.

"We know now why our children suffer from malnutrition," said barely literate Karuna Acharya, a young mother of eight-month-old Kalpana. Acharya has learnt about healthy feeding, sanitation the symptoms of under-nutrition and how to respond to it from DACAW's local community mobilisers.

Thousands of young mothers like Acharya in the 15 districts have benefited from the program, forming their own committees to educate pregnant and new mothers about the importance of child nutrition. "The women now sit together, identify problems and find ways to solve nutritional problems," explained mobiliser Yam Kumari Rana in Dhaubadi. She added that the mothers are so conscious about the health of their newborn children that they queue up every month at the village's health monitoring centre to check whether their children are gaining weight.
"Such community-level initiative has been successful in combating malnutrition," said UNICEF's Pradeep Shrestha in Nawalparasi.

But such success has been limited to a few districts and the rest of the country still has a major child malnutrition problem. According to UNICEF's 2005 report Nutrition in Nepal, there has been slow progress in reducing the problem. For example, stunting among children aged six to 36 months has fallen only 16 percent over the last 26 years. "It will take up to 2040 before the Millennium Development Goal of a 50 percent reduction of child malnutrition in Nepal will be reached," said the report.

At that rate, it will take another 75 years before the malnutrition level reaches an acceptable level, it added. "The only way for Nepal to swiftly reduce child malnutrition rates is by empowering communities and mobilising them to get involved in community-level nutrition work," explained Rajendra Devkota, secretary of the Nawalparasi DDC. "There is a need to replicate such an initiative in the rest of the country. Both aid agencies and the central government should act," he added

Note: This news was copied from http://www.nepalitimes.com

Nawalparasi Outlook

Nawalparasi district , a part of Lumbini zone, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia . The district , with Parasi, as its districtheadquarter, covers an area of  2,162 km² and has a population (2001) of 562,870. Which belongs to the Western Region of Nepal, and lies 147 Km. west of the CapitalKathmandu .

Nawalparasi is divided into three physiographic areas: Terai Region, Pahadi(Hilly) Region and Bhitri Madhesh ( Mountain) . It has 4 constituencies, 1 Municipality (Ramgram Municipality of Parasi) and 73 (Seventy Three) Village Development Commeettee. Out of 73 VDCs 36 belongs to the Terai Region, 17 belongs to the Padadi Region and 16 belongs to Bhitri Madhesh Region.

It is also famous for its religious sites, specially "Triveni Dham" of Susta VDC "Daunne" of Daunne Devi VDC and "Maula Kalika" of Gaidakot VDC are the most visited religioussites of thisdistrict. Every year many devotees in an around of this district visits these holy Temple to offer pooja.

V.D.C. Belonging to Terai Region of Nawalparasi

Sunawal ,
Guthiparsauni , Sanai ,
Swathi , Makar , Ramnagar , Hakui ,
Triveni Sustha , Jamuniya , Daunne Devi , Tilakpur , Gerami , Baidauli , Somni , Rupauliya , Panchanagar , Badahara , Thulokharetowa , Guthisuryapura , Pratappur , Narshahi , Manari , Jahada , Bhujahawa , Kushma , Kudiya , Sarawal , Rampur Khadauna , Harpur , Amaraut , Pakalihawa , Devgaun , Shukhrauli , Rampukha , Bajariya and Patahi

V.D.C. Belonging to the Pahadi (Hilly) Region of Nawalparasi

Kotthar , Jauwari , Dhauwadi , Dhurkot , Dada Jori , Mithukaram , Ruchang , Mainaghat , Bullingtar , Dedhgaun , Benimanipur , Upallo Arkhala , Rakuwa , Hupsekot , Bharatipur , Naram And Rakachuli

V.D.C. Belonging to "Bhitri Madhes" Region of Nawalparasi

 Gaidakot , Kawasoti , Mukundapur , Agyauli , Amarapuri , Kolhuwa , Rajahar , Kumarwarti , Divyapuri , Narayani , Pragatinagar , Prasauni , Pithauli , Tamsariya , Shivamandir , Naya Belahani , Dumkibas , Devchuli , Deurali And 
Ratanpur

This artical is copied from http://www.yousaytoo.com/informations-about-nawalparasi-nepal/154342